Recent Changes

Reading Week 5
@vanle3 Slaves are valued impressively. As you may know, most owners don’t have any respect toward any of them, such as the southern ones because they were always sought out to be poor and dirtier than the northern. It is highly unlikely to see slaves getting loved, but Eva gracefully shows it. She sees that having the more slaves, the more love she can give. In chapter 16, according to Eva, slaves are no different than whites.

Reading Week 4
http://www.christiancourier.com/articles/411-the-connection-between-religion-and-morality
http://de-conversion.com/2007/07/04/humans-do-not-need-religion-to-be-moral/-

Reading Week 4
@Hoang.Ha I agree morality doesn’t have anything to do with religion. In my opinion, someone can still be the most respected person in the world and still be an atheist. It’s all about the person’s thoughts about some of the decisions they’re making, whether or not it’s for the value of their faith or for their own personal reasons.

OLC#2
1. What kinds of performances are acceptable and meaningful demonstrations of competency in this discipline?
Asking good questions, using primary and secondary sources to make understanding history easier, and by reading/ writing essays or research papers are great examples that are acceptable and meaningful demonstrations of competency for this discipline.
2. What concepts, accepted findings and perspectives are essential to be able to perform effectively in this discipline?
Learning about the past and comparing how the present was much different than it was before.
3. What methods do practitioners in the field use to build and validate knowledge in this discipline?
Analyzing and reading primary and secondary sources such as documentaries, videos, exhibits, etc.
4. What are the possible uses of this disciplinary knowledge? What does this kind of inquiry affords us?
To understand about us as human beings, development to building a civilization, and their culture to be become a better part in society.

OLC#3
OLC#3
My theme is women's roles in society. My primary source is "Women in the Nineteenth Century" written by Margaret Fuller. http://www.vcu.edu/engweb/transcendentalism/authors/fuller/woman1.html

Margaret’s essay basically says that humans will soon be able to inherit the earth once we have reached equality. As the title gives away, Fuller focuses on the inequality between men and women. The essay talks about the unfair gender roles that men and women have that need to be broken.
After analyzing this document, I hope to know how women's role in society changed during this time, and what effect religion had on these changes.

OLC#1
OLC#1
Forms:
What kinds of performances are acceptable and meaningful demonstrations of competency in this discipline?
The kinds of performances that are acceptable and meaningful demonstrations of competency in this discipline are primary and secondary sources such as texts, lectures, biographies, videos, culture, museums, exhibits, media, documentaries, and government documents. You have to research more by using several of these sources because not one source can have the correct information.
“Although historians disagree with each other about many things, they do know what they trust and respect in each others work. All historians believe in honoring the integrity of the historical record. They do not fabricate evidence. Forgery and fraud violate the most basic foundations on which historians construct their interpretations of the past. An undetected counterfeit undermines not just the historical arguments of the forger, but all subsequent scholarship that relies on the forger's work. Those who invent, alter, remove, or destroy evidence make it difficult for any serious historian ever wholly to trust their work again.”
http://www.historians.org/pubs/Free/ProfessionalStandards.cfm
Knowledge:
What concepts, accepted findings, and expert perspectives are essential to be able to perform effectively in this discipline?
To thoroughly understand history more clearly, the observer must examine all dispositions. We completely adrift to determine what fact are and what’s fiction. We must have respect for professional historians because they are based upon primary sources and facts that are subjected to a great deal of scrutiny before they are accepted or used as the information we will use. So historians have to examine those sources, evaluate them, and compare them to other accounts before accepting them as true to conclude that there are true facts.
“Forgery and fraud violate the most basic foundations on which historians construct their interpretations of the past. An undetected counterfeit undermines not just the historical arguments of the forger, but all subsequent scholarship that relies on the forger's work. Those who invent, alter, remove, or destroy evidence make it difficult for any serious historian ever wholly to trust their work again.”
http://www.historians.org/pubs/Free/ProfessionalStandards.cfm
Methods:
What are the possible uses of this disciplinary knowledge? What does this kind of inquiry affords us?
History is useful to become strong in our History is important for making us being able to be active parts of a strong society.
Especially in the United States because we have no common ethnic heritage, it is important for us to know something about our history so we have a sense of what makes us all American.
“History must serve as our laboratory, and the past must serve as our most vital evidence in the quest to figure out why people behave the way they do in societal settings. If decision makers do not consult history, they make decisions without all of the facts.”

http://www.calvertnet.k12.md.us/departments/instruction/socialstudies/documents/TheReasonsWhy.pdf
Purposes: What are the possible uses of this disciplinary knowledge? What does this kind of inquiry affords us?
Students will develop some knowledge by how the historical societies acted and learn more about the past. By studying history they will understand how the historical societies acted how they did and for the reasons to change their behavior.

“The importance of history in explaining and understanding change in human behavior is no mere abstraction.”
http://www.historians.org/pubs/free/WhyStudyHistory.htm

FILM WEEK 8
Reconstruction was a period after the Civil War, beginning approximately in 1865 and ending in 1877 when the last Federal troops left the Southern states (and therefore ending any imposition of power). It is the way the United States attempted to envision themselves in wake of the Civil War and more specifically, the abolition of slavery. Foner argues that the negative view that surrounds the Reconstruction period today originates from the time of the Reconstruction period itself by the opponents of Reconstruction process and was consequently perpetuated in history books and films (eg. Gone with the Wind) today. This disallows many Americans from realizing and making the connection between this negative image of Reconstruction and the reasons for the Jim Crow system used in the South in the following years. He argues that the failure and the corruption that existed during the reconstructive years was used as justification for consequently taking away the rights of African Americans, despite the fact that former slaves were made promises of equality and citizenship by the federal government after the Civil War. Foner therefore argues that Reconstruction was used as justification for the political ideology in the Southern states during the 1960s.

This is where I fully agree with what RongWang1006 has stated. Foner, in his talk, analyzes what has become of these promises of democracy to the once enslaved African Americans and if, as RongWang1006 has stated, "we (have made) good on the promises that were made to blacks so long ago." Foner claims that in order to move forward and be alleviated of the "reverberations from the Reconstruction period today", we have to stop believing the misinformation that that era was all about giving power to "ignorant black men" and explore it again as a genuine effort to promote democracy in the South.

Nevertheless, Foner also points to three critical amendments to the Constitution that have markedly changed the face of American society today: the 13th, 14th and 15th. The 13th effectively abolished slavery; the 14th guaranteed birthright citizenship and equal rights for all Americans; and the 15th barred states from racial discrimination in voting rights. These were positive consequences of the post-Civil War period.

Reading Week 9
Women in the 19 th century almost has no rights compared to that of the men.
"Women were pushed to the sidelines as dependents of men, without the power to bring suit, make contracts, own property, or vote. During the era of the "cult of domesticity," a woman was seen merely as a way of enhancing the social status of her husband. "
http://www.ushistory.org/us/26c.asp

And I find out thatthe in the 19th century, "suffrage was limited to only a small group of land-owning men. Over the course of the 19th century, it expanded to include non-land owning men, men who resided in New York, and African-American men. Though women made up a significant portion of the population during that time, they were not allowed to vote in New York until 1917 and nationally until 1920. After securing the right to vote, women exerted their political power and became leaders in both national parties. However, women are still under-represented in the political process and the struggle for political empowerment continues."

http://www.hallofgovernors.ny.gov/wh/Suffrage

I have the same question as THU_NGOC-MINH_LE , why did George refused to buy the slaves in order to help them escape from the torture?

Reading Week 9
women in the 19th century can not make any will about the property. The only case they can have the freehold land and the complete of the property disposal is windowhood.
"The property rights of women during most of the nineteenth century were dependent upon their marital status. Once women married, their property rights were governed by English common law, which required that the property women took into a marriage, or acquired subsequently, be legally absorbed by their husbands. Furthermore, married women could not make wills or dispose of any property without their husbands' consent. Marital separation, whether initiated by the husband or wife, usually left the women economically destitute, as the law offered them no rights to marital property. Once married, the only legal avenue through which women could reclaim property was widowhood."
http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=18566

But in Ms. Shelby's case, she has a son. So it should be George who inheritated all the property from his father, right?